Household, home workshop, and smaller job site compressors are typically reciprocating compressors 1½ hp or less with an attached receiver tank.Ī linear compressor is a reciprocating compressor with the piston being the rotor of a linear motor. Īnother type of reciprocating compressor, usually employed in automotive cabin air conditioning systems, is the swash plate or wobble plate compressor, which uses pistons moved by a swash plate mounted on a shaft (see axial piston pump). In certain applications, such as air compression, multi-stage double-acting compressors are said to be the most efficient compressors available, and are typically larger, and more costly than comparable rotary units. Discharge pressures can range from low pressure to very high pressure (>18000 psi or 180 MPa). Larger reciprocating compressors well over 1,000 hp (750 kW) are commonly found in large industrial and petroleum applications. Small reciprocating compressors from 5 to 30 horsepower (hp) are commonly seen in automotive applications and are typically for intermittent duty. They can be either stationary or portable, can be single or multi-staged, and can be driven by electric motors or internal combustion engines. Reciprocating compressors use pistons driven by a crankshaft. Each stage further compresses the gas and increases its pressure and also temperature (if inter cooling between stages is not used).Ī motor-driven six-cylinder reciprocating compressor that can operate with two, four or six cylinders. Often, the second stage is physically smaller than the primary stage, to accommodate the already compressed gas without reducing its pressure. Many compressors can be staged, that is, the fluid is compressed several times in steps or stages, to increase discharge pressure. The main action of a pump is to pressurize and transport liquids. Gases are compressible, while liquids are relatively incompressible, so compressors are rarely used for liquids. The main distinction is that the focus of a compressor is to change the density or volume of the fluid, which is mostly only achievable on gases. An air compressor is a specific type of gas compressor.Ĭompressors are similar to pumps: both increase the pressure on a fluid and both can transport the fluid through a pipe. High pressure reciprocating compressor from Belliss and Morcom, used in the bottling industryĪ compressor is a mechanical device that increases the pressure of a gas by reducing its volume.
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